The Rising Demand for Indian Millets in Global Markets

The global demand for millets and millet-based products has been on the rise due to their numerous health benefits, climate resilience, and increasing government support. As India continues to expand its export footprint, the millet industry presents significant opportunities for exporters looking to tap into the growing international market.

Key Factors Driving Demand

Nutritional Benefits

Millets are highly nutritious, being rich in fiber, protein, vitamins, and minerals. They are also gluten-free, making them a preferred choice among health-conscious consumers worldwide.

Climate Resilience

Millets are naturally suited for growth in arid and semi-arid regions. Their ability to withstand drought conditions makes them a sustainable food source, especially in the face of climate change.

Government Initiatives

The Indian government has actively promoted millet cultivation and export. The declaration of 2023 as the International Year of Millets has significantly boosted awareness and demand, positioning India as a key supplier in global markets.

Export Performance and Trends

Steady Growth in Exports

• In 2022–2023, India exported 169,049.11 MT of millets, valued at approximately $75.45 million, reflecting a 19.9% year-over-year increase.

• From April to December 2023, exports further grew by 12.5% compared to the previous year.

Major Export Destinations

Indian millets are primarily exported to:

• UAE

• Saudi Arabia

• Nepal

• USA

Market Opportunities for Millet Exporters

Expanding Global Market

The global millet market is projected to grow from $9 billion to over $12 billion by 2025, driven by increasing consumer preference for nutritious and sustainable food products.

Emerging Target Markets

In addition to existing markets, potential export destinations include:

• Indonesia

• Germany

• South Africa

• South Korea

• Turkey

• Oman

• Sri Lanka

Challenges and Opportunities

Challenges

• Low Export Volume Relative to Production: Despite being a leading producer, India exports only a small fraction of its millet production.

• Processing and Value Addition: Lack of adequate processing infrastructure limits the potential for higher export revenues.

• Trade Barriers: Compliance with stringent import regulations in various countries poses a challenge.

Opportunities

• Value-Added Products: Processed millet products like flour, flakes, and snacks command premium prices

  

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• Infrastructure Development: Improved storage, transportation, and packaging can enhance competitiveness.

• Government Support: APEDA (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority) plays a crucial role in promoting millet exports.

Understanding Millet Production and Export Seasons

Kharif vs. Rabi Seasons

• Kharif Season (May to October): Crops like foxtail millet, barnyard millet, and finger millet are sown between May and June, with harvests in September-October.

• Rabi Season (October to March): Jowar (sorghum) and other select millets are grown in southern states, with harvesting from March to May.

Peak Export Periods

Exports generally peak post-harvest, aligning with:

• October–December for Kharif crops

• March–May for Rabi crops

India’s Position in the Global Millet Export Market

While India leads in millet production and shipments, it ranks behind countries like Ukraine and the US in export value. Comparatively:

• India (2022-23): $75.5 million in millet exports

• Ukraine (2021): $45.7 million in exports

• United States (2021): $28.5 million in exports

Supply Chain for Millet Exports

Key Stages

1. Seed Supply & Cultivation: Farmers across states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Rajasthan cultivate millets using traditional and modern techniques.

2. Harvesting & Storage: Post-harvest, millets are stored in silos and warehouses to maintain quality.

3. Processing & Packaging: Cleaning, grading, and milling ensure export-grade quality.

4. Marketing & Distribution: Exporters procure millets and manage shipments via ports and land routes.

5. Export Logistics: Compliance with international regulations and timely transportation are critical.

Export Routes

• Sea Routes: Major ports like Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata handle exports to destinations like the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and the US.

• Land Routes: Neighboring countries like Nepal and Bangladesh receive Indian millets via land transportation.

Future of India’s Millet Exports

The demand for Indian millets is set to increase, fueled by global health trends, climate-friendly agriculture, and government support. By focusing on value addition, enhancing processing infrastructure, and expanding into emerging markets, Indian exporters can maximize their potential in the international millet trade.

Conclusion

India's millet industry stands at a pivotal moment. With strategic investments in processing, market expansion, and trade facilitation, millet exporters can capitalize on rising global demand and establish India as a dominant player in the international millet market. Now is the time for exporters to seize the opportunity and expand their reach globally!